Pulsars, transients and relativistic astrophysics

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TiDES: The 4MOST Time Domain Extragalactic Survey

(2025)

Authors:

C Frohmaier, M Vincenzi, M Sullivan, SF Hönig, M Smith, H Addison, T Collett, G Dimitriadis, RS Ellis, P Gandhi, O Graur, I Hook, L Kelsey, YL Kim, C Lidman, K Maguire, L Makrygianni, B Martin, A Möller, RC Nichol, M Nicholl, P Schady, BD Simmons, SJ Smartt, E Tempel, P Wiseman, the LSST Dark Energy Science Collaboration

Unprecedentedly bright X-ray flaring in Cygnus X-1 observed by INTEGRAL

ArXiv 2508.20874 (2025)

Authors:

P Thalhammer, T Bouchet, J Rodriguez, F Cangemi, K Pottschmidt, DA Green, L Rhodes, C Ferrigno, MA Nowak, V Grinberg, T Siegert, P Laurent, I Kreykenbohm, M Perucho, J Tomsick, C Sánchez-Fernández, J Wilms C Sánchez-Fernández, J Wilms

Combined dark matter search towards dwarf spheroidal galaxies with Fermi-LAT, HAWC, H.E.S.S., MAGIC, and VERITAS

(2025)

Authors:

LAT Collaboration, S Abdollahi, L Baldini, R Bellazzini, B Berenji, E Bissaldi, R Bonino, P Bruel, S Buson, E Charles, AW Chen, S Ciprini, M Crnogorcevic, A Cuoco, F D'Ammando, A de Angelis, M Di Mauro, N Di Lalla, L Di Venere, A Domínguez, SJ Fegan, A Fiori, P Fusco, V Gammaldi, F Gargano, D Gasparrini, F Giacchino, N Giglietto, M Giliberti, F Giordano, M Giroletti, IA Grenier, S Guiriec, M Gustafsson, E Hays, JW Hewitt, D Horan, H Katagiri, M Kuss, J Li, F Longo, F Loparco, L Lorusso, G Martí-Devesa, MN Mazziotta, JE McEnery, I Mereu, M Meyer, PF Michelson, N Mirabal, W Mitthumsiri, T Mizuno, A Morselli, IV Moskalenko, M Negro, N Omodei, M Orienti, E Orlando, G Panzarini, M Persic, M Pesce-Rollins, R Pillera, TA Porter, G Principe, S Rainò, R Rando, M Razzano, O Reimer, M Sánchez-Conde, PM Saz Parkinson, D Serini, DJ Suson, DF Torres, G Zaharijas, HAWC Collaboration, :, A Albert, R Alfaro, C Alvarez, JC Arteaga-Velázquez, D Avila Rojas, HA Ayala Solares, R Babu, E Belmont-Moreno, KS Caballero-Mora, T Capistrán, A Carramiñana, S Casanova, O Chaparro-Amaro, U Cotti, J Cotzomi, S Coutiño de León, E de la Fuente, C de León, R Diaz Hernandez, BL Dingus, MA DuVernois, M Durocher, JC Díaz-Vélez, K Engel, C Espinoza, KL Fan, N Fraija, JA García-González, F Garfias, MM González, JA Goodman, JP Harding, S Hernandez, I Herzog, J Hinton, D Huang, F Hueyotl-Zahuantitla, P Hüntemeyer, A Iriarte, V Joshi, S Kaufmann, D Kieda, GJ Kunde, A Lara, J Lee, H León Vargas, JT Linnemann, AL Longinotti, G Luis-Raya, J Lundeen, K Malone, O Martinez, J Martínez-Castro, H Martínez-Huerta, JA Matthews, P Miranda-Romagnoli, JA Morales-Soto, E Moreno, M Mostafá, A Nayerhoda, L Nellen, MU Nisa, R Noriega-Papaqui, L Olivera-Nieto, N Omodei, A Peisker, Y Pérez Araujo, EG Pérez-Pérez, CD Rho, D Rosa-González, H Salazar, D Salazar-Gallegos, A Sandoval, M Schneider, J Serna-Franco, AJ Smith, Y Son, RW Springer, O Tibolla, K Tollefson, I Torres, R Torres-Escobedo, R Turner, F Ureña-Mena, E Varela, L Villaseñor, X Wang, IJ Watson, K Whitaker, E Willox, S Yu, S Yun-Cárcamo, H Zhou, HESS Collaboration, :, F Aharonian, F Ait Benkhali, C Armand, J Aschersleben, M Backes, V Barbosa Martins, R Batzofin, Y Becherini, D Berge, B Bi, M Böttcher, C Boisson, J Bolmont, M de Bony de Lavergne, J Borowska, M Bouyahiaoui, F Bradascio, M Breuhaus, F Brun, B Bruno, T Bulik, C Burger-Scheidlin, S Caroff, S Casanova, R Cecil, J Celic, M Cerruti, T Chand, S Chandra, A Chen, J Chibueze, O Chibueze, G Cotter, S Dai, J Damascene Mbarubucyeye, A Dmytriiev, V Doroshenko, J-P Ernenwein, G Fichet de Clairfontaine, M Filipovic, G Fontaine, M Füßling, S Funk, S Gabici, S Ghafourizadeh, G Giavitto, D Glawion, JF Glicenstein, G Grolleron, L Haerer, JA Hinton, W Hofmann, TL Holch, M Holler, D Horns, M Jamrozy, F Jankowsky, A Jardin-Blicq, V Joshi, I Jung-Richardt, E Kasai, K Katarzyński, R Khatoon, B Khélifi, W Kluźniak, Nu Komin, D Kostunin, RG Lang, S Le Stum, F Leitl, A Lemière, M Lemoine-Goumard, J-P Lenain, F Leuschner, T Lohse, A Luashvili, I Lypova, J Mackey, D Malyshev, D Malyshev, V Marandon, P Marchegiani, R Marx, M Meyer, A Mitchell, R Moderski, A Montanari, E Moulin, K Nakashima, M de Naurois, J Niemiec, A Priyana Noel, L Oakes, P O'Brien, S Ohm, L Olivera-Nieto, E de Ona Wilhelmi, M Ostrowski, S Panny, M Panter, RD Parsons, V Poireau, DA Prokhorov, G Pühlhofer, A Quirrenbach, P Reichherzer, A Reimer, O Reimer, F Rieger, L Rinchiuso, G Rowell, B Rudak, V Sahakian, S Sailer, A Santangelo, M Sasaki, J Schäfer, U Schwanke, JNS Shapopi, H Sol, A Specovius, S Spencer, Ł Stawarz, R Steenkamp, S Steinmassl, C Steppa, I Sushch, H Suzuki, T Takahashi, T Tanaka, T Tavernier, AM Taylor, R Terrier, C Thorpe-Morgan, C van Eldik, M Vecchi, J Veh, C Venter, J Vink, T Wach, SJ Wagner, A Wierzcholska, Yu Wun Wong, M Zacharias, D Zargaryan, AA Zdziarski, A Zech, S Zouari, N Żywucka, MAGIC Collaboration, :, H Abe, S Abe, VA Acciari, I Agudo, T Aniello, S Ansoldi, LA Antonelli, A Arbet Engels, C Arcaro, M Artero, K Asano, D Baack, A Babić, A Baquero, U Barres de Almeida, JA Barrio, I Batković, J Baxter, J Becerra González, W Bednarek, E Bernardini, M Bernardos, J Bernete, A Berti, C Bigongiari, A Biland, O Blanch, G Bonnoli, Ž Bošnjak, I Burelli, G Busetto, A Campoy Ordaz, A Carosi, R Carosi, M Carretero-Castrillo, AJ Castro-Tirado, G Ceribella, Y Chai, A Cifuentes, S Cikota, E Colombo, JL Contreras, J Cortina, S Covino, G D'Amico, V D'Elia, P Da Vela, F Dazzi, A De Angelis, B De Lotto, A Del Popolo, M Delfino, J Delgado, C Delgado Mendez, D Depaoli, F Di Pierro, L Di Venere, D Dominis Prester, A Donini, D Dorner, M Doro, D Elsaesser, G Emery, J Escudero, L Fariña, A Fattorini, L Foffano, L Font, S Fröse, S Fukami, Y Fukazawa, RJ García López, M Garczarczyk, S Gasparyan, M Gaug, JG Giesbrecht Paiva, N Giglietto, F Giordano, P Gliwny, N Godinović, R Grau, D Green, JG Green, D Hadasch, A Hahn, T Hassan, L Heckmann, J Herrera, D Hrupec, M Hütten, R Imazawa, T Inada, R Iotov, K Ishio, I Jiménez Martínez, J Jormanainen, D Kerszberg, GW Kluge, Y Kobayashi, PM Kouch, H Kubo, J Kushida, M Láinez Lezáun, A Lamastra, F Leone, E Lindfors, S Lombardi, F Longo, R López-Coto, M López-Moya, A López-Oramas, S Loporchio, A Lorini, B Machado de Oliveira Fraga, P Majumdar, M Makariev, G Maneva, N Mang, M Manganaro, S Mangano, K Mannheim, M Mariotti, M Martínez, A Mas-Aguilar, D Mazin, S Menchiari, S Mender, D Miceli, T Miener, JM Miranda, R Mirzoyan, M Molero González, E Molina, HA Mondal, A Moralejo, D Morcuende, C Nanci, V Neustroev, M Nievas Rosillo, C Nigro, K Nilsson, K Nishijima, T Njoh Ekoume, K Noda, S Nozaki, Y Ohtani, A Okumura, J Otero-Santos, S Paiano, M Palatiello, D Paneque, R Paoletti, JM Paredes, L Pavletić, M Persic, M Pihet, G Pirola, F Podobnik, PG Prada Moroni, E Prandini, G Principe, C Priyadarshi, W Rhode, M Ribó, J Rico, C Righi, N Sahakyan, T Saito, K Satalecka, FG Saturni, B Schleicher, K Schmidt, F Schmuckermaier, JL Schubert, T Schweizer, A Sciaccaluga, J Sitarek, V Sliusar, D Sobczynska, A Spolon, A Stamerra, J Strišković, D Strom, M Strzys, Y Suda, S Suutarinen, H Tajima, M Takahashi, R Takeishi, F Tavecchio, P Temnikov, K Terauchi, T Terzić, M Teshima, L Tosti, S Truzzi, A Tutone, S Ubach, J van Scherpenberg, M Vazquez Acosta, S Ventura, V Verguilov, I Viale, CF Vigorito, V Vitale, I Vovk, R Walter, M Will, C Wunderlich, T Yamamoto, VERITAS Collaboration, :, A Acharyya, CB Adams, A Archer, P Bangale, JT Bartkoske, P Batista, W Benbow, JH Buckley, Y Chen, JL Christiansen, AJ Chromey, M Errando, M Escobar Godoy, A Falcone, S Feldman, Q Feng, JP Finley, GM Foote, L Fortson, A Furniss, G Gallagher, C Giuri, W Hanlon, O Hervet, CE Hinrichs, J Hoang, J Holder, Z Hughes, TB Humensky, W Jin, MN Johnson, P Kaaret, M Kertzman, M Kherlakian, D Kieda, TK Kleiner, N Korzoun, F Krennrich, S Kumar, M Lundy, G Maier, CE McGrath, MJ Millard, J Millis, CL Mooney, P Moriarty, R Mukherjee, D Nieto, S O'Brien, RA Ong, M Pohl, E Pueschel, J Quinn, PL Rabinowitz, K Ragan, PT Reynolds, D Ribeiro, E Roache, JL Ryan, I Sadeh, L Saha, M Santander, GH Sembroski, R Shang, M Splettstoesser, D Tak, AK Talluri, JV Tucci, VV Vassiliev, A Weinstein, DA Williams, SL Wong

Testing and Combining Transient Spectral Classification Tools on 4MOST-like Blended Spectra

(2025)

Authors:

Andrew Milligan, Isobel Hook, Christopher Frohmaier, Mathew Smith, Georgios Dimitriadis, Young-Lo Kim, Kate Maguire, Anais Möller, Matt Nicholl, Stephen J Smartt, Jesper Storm, Mark Sullivan, Elmo Tempel, Philip Wiseman, Letizia P CassarÃ, Ricardo Demarco, Alexander Fritz, Jiachen Jiang

JWST and Ground-based Observations of the Type Iax Supernovae SN 2024pxl and SN 2024vjm: Evidence for Weak Deflagration Explosions

The Astrophysical Journal Letters American Astronomical Society 989:2 (2025) l33

Authors:

Lindsey A Kwok, Mridweeka Singh, Saurabh W Jha, Stéphane Blondin, Raya Dastidar, Conor Larison, Adam A Miller, Jennifer E Andrews, Moira Andrews, GC Anupama, Katie Auchettl, Dominik Bánhidi, Barnabas Barna, K Azalee Bostroem, Thomas G Brink, Régis Cartier, Ping Chen, Collin T Christy, David A Coulter, Sofia Covarrubias, Kyle W Davis, Connor B Dickinson, Yize Dong, Joseph R Farah, Alexei V Filippenko, Andreas Flörs, Ryan J Foley, Noah Franz, Christoffer Fremling, Lluís Galbany, Anjasha Gangopadhyay, Aarna Garg, Peter Garnavich, Elinor L Gates, Or Graur, Alexa C Gordon, Daichi Hiramatsu, Emily Hoang, D Andrew Howell, Brian Hsu, Joel Johansson, Arti Joshi, Lordrick A Kahinga, Ravjit Kaur, Sahana Kumar, Piramon Kumnurdmanee, Hanindyo Kuncarayakti, Natalie LeBaron, Chang Liu, Keiichi Maeda, Kate Maguire, Curtis McCully, Darshana Mehta, Luca M Menotti, Anne J Metevier, Kuntal Misra, C Tanner Murphey, Megan Newsome, Estefania Padilla Gonzalez, Kishore C Patra, Jeniveve Pearson, Anthony L Piro, Abigail Polin, Aravind P Ravi, Armin Rest, Nabeel Rehemtulla, Nicolas Meza Retamal, Olivia M Robinson, César Rojas-Bravo, Devendra K Sahu, David J Sand, Brian P Schmidt, Steve Schulze, Michaela Schwab, Manisha Shrestha, Matthew R Siebert, Sunil Simha, Nathan Smith, Jesper Sollerman, Bhagya M Subrayan, Tamás Szalai, Kirsty Taggart, Rishabh Singh Teja, Tea Temim, Jacco H Terwel, Samaporn Tinyanont, Stefano Valenti, Jorge Anais Vilchez, József Vinkó, Aya L Westerling, Yi Yang, WeiKang Zheng

Abstract:

We present panchromatic optical + near-infrared (NIR) + mid-infrared (MIR) observations of the intermediate-luminosity Type Iax supernova (SN Iax) 2024pxl and the extremely low-luminosity SN Iax 2024vjm. JWST observations provide unprecedented MIR spectroscopy of SN Iax, spanning from +11 to +42 day past maximum light. We detect forbidden emission lines in the MIR at these early times while the optical and NIR are dominated by permitted lines with an absorption component. Panchromatic spectra at early times can thus simultaneously show nebular and photospheric lines, probing both inner and outer layers of the ejecta. We identify spectral lines not seen before in SN Iax, including [Mg ii] 4.76 μm, [Mg ii] 9.71 μm, [Ne ii] 12.81 μm, and isolated O i 2.76 μm that traces unburned material. Forbidden emission lines of all species are centrally peaked with similar kinematic distributions, indicating that the ejecta are well mixed in both SN 2024pxl and SN 2024vjm, a hallmark of pure deflagration explosion models. Radiative transfer modeling of SN 2024pxl shows good agreement with a weak deflagration of a near-Chandrasekhar-mass white dwarf, but additional IR flux is needed to match the observations, potentially attributable to a surviving remnant. Similarly, we find SN 2024vjm is also best explained by a weak deflagration model, despite the large difference in luminosity between the two supernovae. Future modeling should push to even weaker explosions and include the contribution of a bound remnant. Our observations demonstrate the diagnostic power of panchromatic spectroscopy for unveiling explosion physics in thermonuclear supernovae.