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WavePID: low-energy flavor identification using single-PMT time series in IceCube

Journal of Instrumentation 21:09 (2026)

Authors:

R Abbasi, M Ackermann, J Adams, JA Aguilar, M Ahlers, JM Alameddine, S Ali, NM Amin, K Andeen, C Argüelles, S Athanasiadou, SN Axani, R Babu, X Bai, A Balagopal V., SW Barwick, V Basu, R Bay, JJ Beatty, J Becker Tjus, P Behrens, J Beise, C Bellenghi, S Benkel, S BenZvi, D Berley, E Bernardini, DZ Besson, E Blaufuss, L Bloom, S Blot, F Bontempo, JY Book Motzkin, C Boscolo Meneguolo, S Böser, O Botner, J Böttcher, J Braun, B Brinson, Z Brisson-Tsavoussis, L Brusa, RT Burley, D Butterfield, K Carloni, J Carpio, N Chau, YC Chen, Z Chen, D Chirkin, S Choi, A Chubarov, BA Clark, GH Collin, DA Coloma Borja, A Connolly, JM Conrad, DF Cowen, C De Clercq, JJ DeLaunay, D Delgado, T Delmeulle, S Deng, P Desiati, KD de Vries, G de Wasseige, T DeYoung, JC Díaz-Vélez, S DiKerby, T Ding, M Dittmer, A Domi, L Draper, L Dueser, D Durnford, K Dutta, MA DuVernois, T Ehrhardt, L Eidenschink, A Eimer, C Eldridge, P Eller, E Ellinger, D Elsässer, R Engel, H Erpenbeck, W Esmail, S Eulig, J Evans, PA Evenson, KL Fan, K Fang, K Farrag, A Fattorini, AR Fazely, A Fedynitch, N Feigl, C Finley, D Fox, A Franckowiak, S Fukami, P Fürst, J Gallagher, E Ganster, A Garcia, M Garcia, E Genton, L Gerhardt, A Ghadimi, C Glaser, T Glüsenkamp, JG Gonzalez, S Goswami, A Granados, D Grant, SJ Gray, S Griffin, S Griswold, KM Groth, D Guevel, C Günther, P Gutjahr, C Ha, A Hallgren, L Halve, F Halzen, L Hamacher, M Handt, K Hanson, J Hardin, AA Harnisch, P Hatch, A Haungs, J Häußler, K Helbing, J Hellrung, B Henke, L Hennig, F Henningsen, L Heuermann, R Hewett, N Heyer, S Hickford, A Hidvegi, C Hill, GC Hill, R Hmaid, KD Hoffman, A Hollnagel, D Hooper, S Hori, K Hoshina, M Hostert, W Hou, M Hrywniak, T Huber, K Hultqvist, K Hymon, A Ishihara, W Iwakiri, M Jacquart, S Jain, O Janik, M Jansson, M Jin, N Kamp, D Kang, W Kang, A Kappes, L Kardum, T Karg, A Karle, A Katil, M Kauer, JL Kelley, M Khanal, A Khatee Zathul, A Kheirandish, T Kim, H Kimku, F Kirchner, J Kiryluk, C Klein, SR Klein, Y Kobayashi, S Koch, A Kochocki, R Koirala, H Kolanoski, T Kontrimas, L Köpke, C Kopper, DJ Koskinen, P Koundal, M Kowalski, T Kozynets, A Kravka, N Krieger, T Krishnan, K Kruiswijk, E Krupczak, A Kumar, E Kun, N Kurahashi, C Lagunas Gualda, L Lallement Arnaud, MJ Larson, F Lauber, JP Lazar, K Leonard DeHolton, A Leszczyńska, C Li, J Liao, C Lin, QR Liu, YT Liu, M Liubarska, C Love, L Lu, F Lucarelli, W Luszczak, Y Lyu, M Macdonald, E Magnus, Y Makino, E Manao, S Mancina, A Mand, IC Mariş, S Marka, Z Marka, L Marten, I Martinez-Soler, R Maruyama, J Mauro, F Mayhew, F McNally, K Meagher, A Medina, M Meier, Y Merckx, L Merten, J Mitchell, L Molchany, S Mondal, T Montaruli, RW Moore, Y Morii, A Mosbrugger, D Mousadi, E Moyaux, T Mukherjee, M Nakos, U Naumann, R Neshat, L Neste, M Neumann, H Niederhausen, MU Nisa, K Noda, A Noell, A Novikov, A Obertacke, V O'Dell, A Olivas, R Orsoe, J Osborn, E O'Sullivan, B Owens, V Palusova, H Pandya, A Parenti, C Parisel, N Park, V Parrish, EN Paudel, L Paul, C Pérez de los Heros, T Pernice, TC Petersen, J Peterson, S Pick, M Plum, A Pontén, V Poojyam, B Pries, R Procter-Murphy, GT Przybylski, L Pyras, C Raab, J Rack-Helleis, N Rad, M Ravn, K Rawlins, Z Rechav, A Rehman, I Reistroffer, E Resconi, CD Rho, W Rhode, L Ricca, B Riedel, A Rifaie, EJ Roberts, S Rodan, M Rongen, A Rosted, C Rott, T Ruhe, L Ruohan, D Ryckbosch, J Saffer, D Salazar-Gallegos, P Sampathkumar, A Sandrock, G Sanger-Johnson, M Santander, S Sarkar, M Scarnera, M Schaufel, H Schieler, S Schindler, L Schlickmann, B Schlüter, F Schlüter, N Schmeisser, T Schmidt, A Scholz, FG Schröder, S Schwirn, S Sclafani, D Seckel, L Seen, M Seikh, S Seunarine, PA Sevle Myhr, R Shah, S Shah, S Shefali, N Shimizu, M Shin, B Skrzypek, R Snihur, J Soedingrekso, D Soldin, P Soldin, G Sommani, D Song, C Spannfellner, GM Spiczak, C Spiering, J Stachurska, M Stamatikos, T Stanev, T Stezelberger, T Stürwald, T Stuttard, GW Sullivan, I Taboada, S Ter-Antonyan, A Terliuk, A Thakuri, M Thiesmeyer, WG Thompson, J Thwaites, S Tilav, K Tollefson, JA Torres, S Toscano, D Tosi, K Upshaw, A Vaidyanathan, N Valtonen-Mattila, J Valverde, J Vandenbroucke, T Van Eeden, N van Eijndhoven, L Van Rootselaar, J van Santen, J Vara, F Varsi, M Velazquez, M Venugopal, M Vereecken, S Vergara Carrasco, S Verpoest, D Veske, A Vijai, J Villarreal, C Walck, A Wang, EHS Warrick, C Weaver, P Weigel, A Weindl, J Weldert, AY Wen, C Wendt, J Werthebach, M Weyrauch, N Whitehorn, CH Wiebusch, DR Williams, L Witthaus, G Wrede, XW Xu, JP Yanez, Y Yao, E Yildizci, S Yoshida, F Yu, S Yu, T Yuan, S Yun-Cárcamo, A Zander Jurowitzki, A Zegarelli, S Zhang, Z Zhang, P Zhelnin, P Zilberman, C Zilleruelo Cañas, The IceCube collaboration

Abstract:

The IceCube Neutrino Observatory, a cubic-kilometer detector at the South Pole, identifies neutrino flavor through event morphology. Sparse photon detection makes this classification particularly challenging in the 5–100 GeV regime, the energy range relevant for oscillation measurements and searches for physics beyond the Standard Model. We introduce WavePID, a template-based log-likelihood-ratio classifier that exploits nanosecond-scale timing on individual detector modules through three observables: the distance to the reconstructed vertex, the early-charge fraction, and the module-to-module time difference. Evaluated on a cascade-enriched sample selected by a state-of-the-art graph neural network, WavePID improves both cascade purity and classification performance over the neural network alone. This demonstrates that per-module pulse timing carries flavor-identification information complementary to morphology-based classifiers, opening a new physics-motivated observable for low-energy neutrino reconstruction. Geant4 simulations associate this signal with differences in Cherenkov emission geometry between muon tracks and electromagnetic showers. These results motivate exploiting nanosecond-scale pulse timing in future low-energy classifiers and in detector designs with improved per-module timing in next-generation neutrino telescopes.

Searching for Extra Dimensions and Copies of the Standard Model with IceCube

ArXiv 2608.29746 (2026)

Authors:

R Abbasi, M Ackermann, J Adams, JA Aguilar, M Ahlers, JM Alameddine, S Ali, NM Amin, K Andeen, C Arg Ü elles, S Athanasiadou, SN Axani, R Babu, X Bai, A Balagopal V, SW Barwick, V Basu, R Bay, JJ Beatty, J Becker Tjus, P Behrens, J Beise, C Bellenghi, S Benkel, S BenZvi, D Berley, E Bernardini, DZ Besson, E Blaufuss, L Bloom, S Blot, F Bontempo, JY Book Motzkin, C Boscolo Meneguolo, SBÖ ser, O Botner, JBÖ ttcher, J Braun, B Brinson, Z Brisson-Tsavoussis, L Brusa, RT Burley, D Butterfield, K Carloni, J Carpio, N Chau, YC Chen, Z Chen, D Chirkin, S Choi, A Chubarov, BA Clark, DA Coloma Borja, A Connolly, JM Conrad, DF Cowen, C De Clercq, JJ DeLaunay, D Delgado, T Delmeulle, S Deng, P Desiati, KD de Vries, G de Wasseige, T DeYoung, JCD 'ı az-V É lez, S DiKerby, T Ding, M Dittmer, A Domi, L Draper, L Dueser, D Durnford, K Dutta, MA DuVernois, T Ehrhardt, L Eidenschink, A Eimer, C Eldridge, P Eller, E Ellinger, D Els Ä sser, R Engel, H Erpenbeck, W Esmail, S Eulig, J Evans, PA Evenson, KL Fan, K Fang, K Farrag, A Fattorini, AR Fazely, A Fedynitch, N Feigl, C Finley, D Fox, A Franckowiak, S Fukami, PFÜ rst, J Gallagher, E Ganster, A Garcia, M Garcia, E Genton, L Gerhardt, A Ghadimi, C Glaser, T Gl Ü senkamp, JG Gonzalez, S Goswami, A Granados, D Grant, SJ Gray, S Griffin, S Griswold, KM Groth, D Guevel, CGÜ nther, P Gutjahr, C Ha, A Hallgren, L Halve, F Halzen, L Hamacher, M Handt, K Hanson, J Hardin, AA Harnisch, P Hatch, A Haungs, JHÄ ußler, K Helbing, J Hellrung, B Henke, L Hennig, F Henningsen, L Heuermann, R Hewett, N Heyer, S Hickford, A Hidvegi, C Hill, GC Hill, R Hmaid, KD Hoffman, A Hollnagel, D Hooper, S Hori, K Hoshina, M Hostert, W Hou, M Hrywniak, T Huber, K Hultqvist, K Hymon, A Ishihara, W Iwakiri, M Jacquart, S Jain, O Janik, M Jansson, M Jin, N Kamp, D Kang, W Kang, A Kappes, L Kardum, T Karg, A Karle, A Katil, M Kauer, JL Kelley, M Khanal, A Khatee Zathul, A Kheirandish, T Kim, H Kimku, F Kirchner, J Kiryluk, C Klein, SR Klein, Y Kobayashi, S Koch, A Kochocki, R Koirala, H Kolanoski, T Kontrimas, LKÖ pke, C Kopper, DJ Koskinen, P Koundal, M Kowalski, T Kozynets, A Kravka, N Krieger, T Krishnan, K Kruiswijk, E Krupczak, E Kun, N Kurahashi, C Lagunas Gualda, L Lallement Arnaud, MJ Larson, F Lauber, JP Lazar, K Leonard DeHolton, A Leszczy Ń ska, C Li, J Liao, C Lin, QR Liu, YT Liu, M Liubarska, C Love, L Lu, F Lucarelli, W Luszczak, Y Lyu, M Macdonald, E Magnus, Y Makino, E Manao, S Mancina, A Mand, IC Mari ş, S Marka, Z Marka, L Marten, I Martinez-Soler, R Maruyama, J Mauro, F Mayhew, F McNally, K Meagher, A Medina, M Meier, Y Merckx, L Merten, J Mitchell, L Molchany, S Mondal, T Montaruli, RW Moore, Y Morii, A Mosbrugger, D Mousadi, E Moyaux, T Mukherjee, M Nakos, U Naumann, R Neshat, L Neste, M Neumann, MU Nisa, K Noda, A Noell, A Novikov, A Obertacke, V O'Dell, A Olivas, R Orsoe, J Osborn, E O'Sullivan, B Owens, V Palusova, H Pandya, A Parenti, C Parisel, N Park, V Parrish, EN Paudel, L Paul, CPÉ rez de los Heros, T Pernice, TC Petersen, J Peterson, S Pick, M Plum, A Pont É n, V Poojyam, B Pries, R Procter-Murphy, GT Przybylski, L Pyras, C Raab, J Rack-Helleis, N Rad, M Ravn, K Rawlins, Z Rechav, A Rehman, I Reistroffer, E Resconi, CD Rho, W Rhode, L Ricca, B Riedel, A Rifaie, EJ Roberts, S Rodan, M Rongen, A Rosted, C Rott, T Ruhe, L Ruohan, D Ryckbosch, J Saffer, D Salazar-Gallegos, P Sampathkumar, A Sandrock, G Sanger-Johnson, M Santander, S Sarkar, M Scarnera, M Schaufel, H Schieler, S Schindler, L Schlickmann, B Schl Ü ter, F Schl Ü ter, N Schmeisser, T Schmidt, F Schmitt, A Scholz, FG Schr Ö der, S Schwirn, S Sclafani, D Seckel, L Seen, M Seikh, S Seunarine, PA Sevle Myhr, R Shah, S Shah, A Sharma, S Shefali, N Shimizu, M Shin, B Skrzypek, R Snihur, J Soedingrekso, D Soldin, P Soldin, G Sommani, D Song, C Spannfellner, GM Spiczak, C Spiering, J Stachurska, M Stamatikos, T Stanev, T Stezelberger, T St Ü rwald, T Stuttard, GW Sullivan, I Taboada, S Ter-Antonyan, A Terliuk, A Thakuri, M Thiesmeyer, WG Thompson, J Thwaites, W Tian, S Tilav, K Tollefson, JA Torres, S Toscano, D Tosi, K Upshaw, JA Urruty, A Vaidyanathan, N Valtonen-Mattila, J Valverde, J Vandenbroucke, T Van Eeden, N van Eijndhoven, L Van Rootselaar, J van Santen, J Vara, F Varsi, M Velazquez, M Venugopal, M Vereecken, S Vergara Carrasco, S Verpoest, A Vijai, J Villarreal, C Walck, A Wang, EHS Warrick, C Weaver, P Weigel, A Weindl, J Weldert, AY Wen, C Wendt, J Werthebach, M Weyrauch, N Whitehorn, CH Wiebusch, DR Williams, L Witthaus, J Woodward, G Wrede, XW Xu, JP Yanez, Y Yao, E Yildizci, S Yoshida, F Yu, S Yu, T Yuan, S Yun-C Á rcamo, A Zander Jurowitzki, A Zegarelli, S Zhang, Z Zhang, P Zhelnin, P Zilberman, C Zilleruelo Ca Ñ as

Astrophysical Sensitivity Projections for the IceCube Upgrade

ArXiv 2608.28395 (2026)

Authors:

R Abbasi, M Ackermann, J Adams, JA Aguilar, M Ahlers, JM Alameddine, S Ali, NM Amin, K Andeen, C Arg Ü elles, S Athanasiadou, SN Axani, R Babu, X Bai, A Balagopal V, SW Barwick, V Basu, R Bay, JJ Beatty, J Becker Tjus, P Behrens, J Beise, C Bellenghi, S Benkel, S BenZvi, D Berley, E Bernardini, DZ Besson, E Blaufuss, L Bloom, S Blot, F Bontempo, JY Book Motzkin, C Boscolo Meneguolo, SBÖ ser, O Botner, JBÖ ttcher, J Braun, B Brinson, Z Brisson-Tsavoussis, L Brusa, RT Burley, D Butterfield, K Carloni, J Carpio, N Chau, YC Chen, Z Chen, D Chirkin, S Choi, A Chubarov, BA Clark, DA Coloma Borja, A Connolly, JM Conrad, DF Cowen, C De Clercq, JJ DeLaunay, D Delgado, T Delmeulle, S Deng, P Desiati, KD de Vries, G de Wasseige, T DeYoung, JCD 'ı az-V É lez, S DiKerby, T Ding, M Dittmer, A Domi, L Draper, L Dueser, D Durnford, K Dutta, MA DuVernois, T Ehrhardt, L Eidenschink, A Eimer, C Eldridge, P Eller, E Ellinger, D Els Ä sser, R Engel, H Erpenbeck, W Esmail, S Eulig, J Evans, PA Evenson, KL Fan, K Fang, K Farrag, A Fattorini, AR Fazely, A Fedynitch, N Feigl, C Finley, D Fox, A Franckowiak, S Fukami, PFÜ rst, J Gallagher, E Ganster, A Garcia, M Garcia, E Genton, L Gerhardt, A Ghadimi, C Glaser, T Gl Ü senkamp, JG Gonzalez, S Goswami, A Granados, D Grant, SJ Gray, S Griffin, S Griswold, KM Groth, D Guevel, CGÜ nther, P Gutjahr, C Ha, A Hallgren, L Halve, F Halzen, L Hamacher, M Handt, K Hanson, J Hardin, AA Harnisch, P Hatch, A Haungs, JHÄ ußler, K Helbing, J Hellrung, B Henke, L Hennig, F Henningsen, L Heuermann, R Hewett, N Heyer, S Hickford, A Hidvegi, C Hill, GC Hill, R Hmaid, KD Hoffman, A Hollnagel, D Hooper, S Hori, K Hoshina, M Hostert, W Hou, M Hrywniak, T Huber, K Hultqvist, K Hymon, A Ishihara, W Iwakiri, M Jacquart, S Jain, O Janik, M Jansson, M Jin, N Kamp, D Kang, W Kang, A Kappes, L Kardum, T Karg, A Karle, A Katil, M Kauer, JL Kelley, M Khanal, A Khatee Zathul, A Kheirandish, T Kim, H Kimku, F Kirchner, J Kiryluk, C Klein, SR Klein, Y Kobayashi, S Koch, A Kochocki, R Koirala, H Kolanoski, T Kontrimas, LKÖ pke, C Kopper, DJ Koskinen, P Koundal, M Kowalski, T Kozynets, A Kravka, N Krieger, T Krishnan, K Kruiswijk, E Krupczak, E Kun, N Kurahashi, C Lagunas Gualda, L Lallement Arnaud, MJ Larson, F Lauber, JP Lazar, K Leonard DeHolton, A Leszczy Ń ska, C Li, J Liao, C Lin, QR Liu, YT Liu, M Liubarska, C Love, L Lu, F Lucarelli, W Luszczak, Y Lyu, M Macdonald, E Magnus, Y Makino, E Manao, S Mancina, A Mand, IC Mari ş, S Marka, Z Marka, L Marten, I Martinez-Soler, R Maruyama, J Mauro, F Mayhew, F McNally, K Meagher, A Medina, M Meier, Y Merckx, L Merten, J Mitchell, L Molchany, S Mondal, T Montaruli, RW Moore, Y Morii, A Mosbrugger, D Mousadi, E Moyaux, T Mukherjee, M Nakos, U Naumann, R Neshat, L Neste, M Neumann, H Niederhausen, MU Nisa, K Noda, A Noell, A Novikov, A Obertacke, V O'Dell, A Olivas, R Orsoe, J Osborn, E O'Sullivan, B Owens, V Palusova, H Pandya, A Parenti, C Parisel, N Park, V Parrish, EN Paudel, L Paul, T Pernice, TC Petersen, J Peterson, S Pick, M Plum, A Pont É n, V Poojyam, B Pries, R Procter-Murphy, GT Przybylski, L Pyras, C Raab, J Rack-Helleis, N Rad, M Ravn, K Rawlins, Z Rechav, A Rehman, I Reistroffer, E Resconi, CD Rho, W Rhode, L Ricca, B Riedel, A Rifaie, EJ Roberts, S Rodan, M Rongen, A Rosted, C Rott, T Ruhe, L Ruohan, D Ryckbosch, J Saffer, D Salazar-Gallegos, P Sampathkumar, A Sandrock, G Sanger-Johnson, M Santander, S Sarkar, M Scarnera, M Schaufel, H Schieler, S Schindler, L Schlickmann, B Schl Ü ter, F Schl Ü ter, N Schmeisser, T Schmidt, F Schmitt, A Scholz, FG Schr Ö der, S Schwirn, S Sclafani, D Seckel, L Seen, M Seikh, S Seunarine, PA Sevle Myhr, R Shah, S Shah, S Shefali, N Shimizu, M Shin, B Skrzypek, R Snihur, J Soedingrekso, D Soldin, P Soldin, G Sommani, D Song, C Spannfellner, GM Spiczak, C Spiering, J Stachurska, M Stamatikos, T Stanev, T Stezelberger, T St Ü rwald, T Stuttard, GW Sullivan, I Taboada, S Ter-Antonyan, A Terliuk, A Thakuri, M Thiesmeyer, WG Thompson, J Thwaites, W Tian, S Tilav, K Tollefson, JA Torres, S Toscano, D Tosi, K Upshaw, A Vaidyanathan, N Valtonen-Mattila, J Valverde, J Vandenbroucke, T Van Eeden, N van Eijndhoven, L Van Rootselaar, J van Santen, J Vara, F Varsi, M Velazquez, M Venugopal, M Vereecken, S Vergara Carrasco, S Verpoest, D Veske, A Vijai, J Villarreal, C Walck, A Wang, EHS Warrick, C Weaver, P Weigel, A Weindl, J Weldert, AY Wen, C Wendt, J Werthebach, M Weyrauch, N Whitehorn, CH Wiebusch, DR Williams, L Witthaus, J Woodward, G Wrede, XW Xu, JP Yanez, Y Yao, E Yildizci, S Yoshida, F Yu, S Yu, T Yuan, S Yun-C Á rcamo, A Zander Jurowitzki, A Zegarelli, S Zhang, Z Zhang, P Zhelnin, P Zilberman, C Zilleruelo Ca Ñ as

Imperfect axions with no domain wall problem

(2026)

Authors:

Marco Gorghetto, Edward Hardy, Gilad Perez, Stefan Stelzl

Characterization of the Three-Flavor Composition of Cosmic Neutrinos with IceCube

Physical Review Letters American Physical Society (APS) 137:8 (2026) 081002

Authors:

R Abbasi, M Ackermann, J Adams, SK Agarwalla, JA Aguilar, M Ahlers, JM Alameddine, S Ali, NM Amin, K Andeen, C Argüelles, Y Ashida, S Athanasiadou, SN Axani, R Babu, X Bai, J Baines-Holmes, A Balagopal V., SW Barwick, S Bash, V Basu, R Bay, JJ Beatty, J Becker Tjus, P Behrens, J Beise, C Bellenghi, B Benkel, S BenZvi, D Berley, E Bernardini, DZ Besson, E Blaufuss, L Bloom, S Blot, I Bodo, F Bontempo, JY Book Motzkin, C Boscolo Meneguolo, S Böser, O Botner, J Böttcher, J Braun, B Brinson, Z Brisson-Tsavoussis, RT Burley, D Butterfield, MA Campana, K Carloni, J Carpio, S Chattopadhyay, N Chau, Z Chen, D Chirkin, S Choi, BA Clark, A Coleman, P Coleman, GH Collin, DA Coloma Borja, A Connolly, JM Conrad, DF Cowen, C De Clercq, JJ DeLaunay, D Delgado, T Delmeulle, S Deng, P Desiati, KD de Vries, G de Wasseige, T DeYoung, JC Díaz-Vélez, S DiKerby, T Ding, M Dittmer, A Domi, L Draper, L Dueser, D Durnford, K Dutta, MA DuVernois, T Ehrhardt, L Eidenschink, A Eimer, P Eller, E Ellinger, D Elsässer, R Engel, H Erpenbeck, W Esmail, S Eulig, J Evans, PA Evenson, KL Fan, K Fang, K Farrag, AR Fazely, A Fedynitch, N Feigl, C Finley, L Fischer, D Fox, A Franckowiak, S Fukami, P Fürst, J Gallagher, E Ganster, A Garcia, M Garcia, G Garg, E Genton, L Gerhardt, A Ghadimi, T Glüsenkamp, JG Gonzalez, S Goswami, A Granados, D Grant, SJ Gray, S Griffin, S Griswold, KM Groth, D Guevel, C Günther, P Gutjahr, C Ha, C Haack, A Hallgren, L Halve, F Halzen, L Hamacher, M Ha Minh, M Handt, K Hanson, J Hardin, AA Harnisch, P Hatch, A Haungs, J Häußler, K Helbing, J Hellrung, B Henke, L Hennig, F Henningsen, L Heuermann, R Hewett, N Heyer, S Hickford, A Hidvegi, C Hill, GC Hill, R Hmaid, KD Hoffman, D Hooper, S Hori, K Hoshina, M Hostert, W Hou, M Hrywniak, T Huber, K Hultqvist, K Hymon, A Ishihara, W Iwakiri, M Jacquart, S Jain, O Janik, M Jansson, M Jeong, M Jin, N Kamp, D Kang, W Kang, A Kappes, L Kardum, T Karg, M Karl, A Karle, A Katil, M Kauer, JL Kelley, M Khanal, A Khatee Zathul, A Kheirandish, H Kimku, J Kiryluk, C Klein, SR Klein, Y Kobayashi, A Kochocki, R Koirala, H Kolanoski, T Kontrimas, L Köpke, C Kopper, DJ Koskinen, P Koundal, M Kowalski, T Kozynets, A Kravka, N Krieger, J Krishnamoorthi, T Krishnan, K Kruiswijk, E Krupczak, A Kumar, E Kun, N Kurahashi, N Lad, C Lagunas Gualda, L Lallement Arnaud, M Lamoureux, MJ Larson, F Lauber, JP Lazar, K Leonard DeHolton, A Leszczyńska, J Liao, C Lin, QR Liu, YT Liu, M Liubarska, C Love, L Lu, F Lucarelli, W Luszczak, Y Lyu, M Macdonald, J Madsen, E Magnus, Y Makino, E Manao, S Mancina, A Mand, IC Mariş, S Marka, Z Marka, L Marten, I Martinez-Soler, R Maruyama, J Mauro, F Mayhew, F McNally, JV Mead, K Meagher, S Mechbal, A Medina, M Meier, Y Merckx, L Merten, J Mitchell, L Molchany, S Mondal, T Montaruli, RW Moore, Y Morii, A Mosbrugger, M Moulai, D Mousadi, E Moyaux, T Mukherjee, R Naab, M Nakos, U Naumann, J Necker, L Neste, M Neumann, H Niederhausen, MU Nisa, K Noda, A Noell, A Novikov, A Obertacke, V O’Dell, A Olivas, R Orsoe, J Osborn, E O’Sullivan, V Palusova, H Pandya, A Parenti, N Park, V Parrish, EN Paudel, L Paul, C Pérez de los Heros, T Pernice, TC Petersen, J Peterson, M Plum, A Pontén, V Poojyam, Y Popovych, M Prado Rodriguez, B Pries, R Procter-Murphy, GT Przybylski, L Pyras, C Raab, J Rack-Helleis, N Rad, M Ravn, K Rawlins, Z Rechav, A Rehman, I Reistroffer, E Resconi, S Reusch, CD Rho, W Rhode, L Ricca, B Riedel, A Rifaie, EJ Roberts, M Rongen, A Rosted, C Rott, T Ruhe, L Ruohan, D Ryckbosch, J Saffer, D Salazar-Gallegos, P Sampathkumar, A Sandrock, G Sanger-Johnson, M Santander, S Sarkar, M Scarnera, P Schaile, M Schaufel, H Schieler, S Schindler, L Schlickmann, B Schlüter, F Schlüter, N Schmeisser, T Schmidt, FG Schröder, L Schumacher, S Schwirn, S Sclafani, D Seckel, L Seen, M Seikh, S Seunarine, PA Sevle Myhr, R Shah, S Shah, S Shefali, N Shimizu, B Skrzypek, R Snihur, J Soedingrekso, A Søgaard, D Soldin, P Soldin, G Sommani, C Spannfellner, GM Spiczak, C Spiering, J Stachurska, M Stamatikos, T Stanev, T Stezelberger, T Stürwald, T Stuttard, GW Sullivan, I Taboada, S Ter-Antonyan, A Terliuk, A Thakuri, M Thiesmeyer, WG Thompson, J Thwaites, S Tilav, K Tollefson, S Toscano, D Tosi, A Trettin, AK Upadhyay, K Upshaw, A Vaidyanathan, N Valtonen-Mattila, J Valverde, J Vandenbroucke, T Van Eeden, N van Eijndhoven, L Van Rootselaar, J van Santen, J Vara, F Varsi, M Venugopal, M Vereecken, S Vergara Carrasco, S Verpoest, D Veske, A Vijai, J Villarreal, C Walck, A Wang, EHS Warrick, C Weaver, P Weigel, A Weindl, J Weldert, AY Wen, C Wendt, J Werthebach, M Weyrauch, N Whitehorn, CH Wiebusch, DR Williams, L Witthaus, M Wolf, G Wrede, XW Xu, JP Yanez, Y Yao, E Yildizci, S Yoshida, R Young, F Yu, S Yu, T Yuan, S Yun-Cárcamo, A Zander Jurowitzki, A Zegarelli, S Zhang, Z Zhang, P Zhelnin, P Zilberman

Abstract:

The flavor composition of cosmic neutrinos probes both the physical properties of their sources and oscillations over energies and distances unreachable by terrestrial experiments. Using 11.4 yr of IceCube data, we analyze the flavor composition of the all-sky neutrino flux from 5 TeV–10 PeV, significantly lowering the analysis threshold from a previous minimum of 35 TeV. The best-fit flavor fractions are fe,fμ,fτ=0.30-0.15+0.20, 0.37-0.16+0.14, 0.33-0.25+0.24. For the first time, we report that neutrinos of all three flavors are present in the observed cosmic neutrino flux at >90% confidence level. We infer the flavor composition at their sources, finding good agreement with pion decay while pure neutron decay is disfavored, with posterior probability 2.7×10-5 (∼4σ).