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Abstract:

We use a multidimensional Monte Carlo code to compute X-ray spectra for a variety of active galactic nucleus (AGN) disc-wind outflow geometries. We focus on the formation of blueshifted absorption features in the Fe K band and show that line features similar to those which have been reported in observations are often produced for lines of sight through disc-wind geometries. We also discuss the formation of other spectral features in highly ionized outflows. In particular, we show that, for sufficiently high wind densities, moderately strong Fe K emission lines can form and that electron scattering in the flow may cause these lines to develop extended red wings. We illustrate the potential relevance of such models to the interpretation of real X-ray data by comparison with observations of a well-known AGN, Mrk 766. Journal compilation © 2008 RAS.

Abstract:

We present the first detection of CS in the Antennae galaxies toward the NGC 4038 nucleus, as well as the first detections of two high-J (5-4 and 7-6) CS lines in the center of M82. The CS(7-6) line in M82 shows a profile that is surprisingly different from those of other low-J CS transitions we observed. This implies the presence of a separate, denser and warmer molecular gas component. The derived physical properties and the likely location of the CS(7-6) emission suggest an association with the supershell in the center of M82. © 2008. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved. Printed in U.S.A.

Abstract:

We describe the objectives, design and predicted performance of Clover, a fully-funded, UK-led experiment to measure the B-mode polarisation of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB). Three individual telescopes will operate at 97, 150 and 225 GHz, each populated by up to 256 horns. The detectors, TES bolometers, are limited by unavoidable photon noise, and coupled to an optical design which gives very low systematic errors, particularly in cross-polarisation. The telescopes will sit on three-axis mounts on a site in the Atacama Desert. The angular resolution of around 8 ́ and sky coverage of around 1000 deg2 provide multipole coverage of 20<ℓ<1000. Combined with the high sensitivity, this should allow the B-mode signal to be measured (or constrained) down to a level corresponding to a tensor-to-scalar ratio of r = 0.01, providing the emission from polarised foregrounds can be subtracted. This in turn will allow constraints to be placed on the energy scale of inflation, providing an unprecedented insight into the early history of the Universe.