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Abstract:

Recently, a new framework for solving the hierarchy problem was proposed which does not rely on low energy supersymmetry or technicolor. The fundamental Planck mass is at a TeV and the observed weakness of gravity at long distances is due the existence of new sub-millimeter spatial dimensions. In this letter, we study how the properties of black holes are altered in these theories. Small black holes---with Schwarzschild radii smaller than the size of the new spatial dimensions---are quite different. They are bigger, colder, and longer-lived than a usual $(3+1)$-dimensional black hole of the same mass. Furthermore, they primarily decay into harmless bulk graviton modes rather than standard-model degrees of freedom. We discuss the interplay of our scenario with the holographic principle. Our results also have implications for the bounds on the spectrum of primordial black holes (PBHs) derived from the photo-dissociation of primordial nucleosynthesis products, distortion of the diffuse gamma-ray spectrum, overclosure of the universe, gravitational lensing, as well as the phenomenology of black hole production. For example, the bound on the spectral index of the primordial spectrum of density perturbations is relaxed from 1.25 to 1.45-1.60 depending on the epoch of the PBH formation. In these scenarios PBHs provide interesting dark matter candidates; for 6 extra dimensions MACHO candidates with mass $\sim 0.1M_\odot$ can arise. For 2 or 3 extra dimensions PBHs with mass $\sim 2000 M_\odot$ can occur and may act as both dark matter and seeds for early galaxy and QSO formation.

Abstract:

We have searched for two-body charmless decays of B mesons to purely hadronic exclusive final states including ω or φ mesons using data collected with the CLEO II detector. With this sample of 6.6 ×106B mesons we observe a signal for the ωK+ final state, and measure a branching fraction of B(B+→Ͽé+)=(1.5−0.6+0.7)±0.2)×10−5We also observe some evidence for the φK* final state, and upper limits are given for 22 other decay modes. These results provide the opportunity for studies of theoretical models and physical parameters. © 1998 American Physical Society.

Abstract:

A limit on the mass of the tau neutrino mντ is derived from 4.5 × 106 tau pairs produced in an integrated luminosity of 5.0 fb-1 of e+e- → γ * → τ+τ- reactions at center of mass energies ≈ 10.6 GeV. The measurement technique involves a two-dimensional extended likelihood analysis, including the dependence of the end-point population on mντ, and allows for the first time an explicit background contribution. We use the the decays τ → 5πντ and τ → 3π2π0ντ to obtain an upper limit of 30 MeV/c2 at 95% C.L. © 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.