51ÁÔÆæÈë¿Ú

Abstract:

PAMELA (Particle Accelerator for MEdicaL Applications) employs novel non-scaling Fixed Field Alternating Gradient (ns-FFAG) technology in the development of a proton and C6+ particle therapy facility. One of the challenges of this design is the acceleration of high energy C6+ in a lattice which enables high flexibility and reliability for treatments, yet remains minimal in size and complexity. Discussed here is the carbon 6+ lattice solution in terms of both design and performance.

Abstract:

The status of PAMELA (Particle Accelerator for MEdical Applications) - an accelerator for proton and light ion therapy using a non-scaling FFAG (ns-FFAG) accelerator - is reviewed and discussed.

Abstract:

EMMA (Electron Model for Many Applications) is the worlds first non-scaling FFAG constructed at the Dares-bury Laboratory, UK. Commissioning activities have recently been undertaken and beam dynamics results relevant to hadron non-scaling FFAGs are presented. The impact of these results on the future design of non-scaling FFAGs for high intensity hadron beam applications is discussed.

Abstract:

The Electron Model for Many Applications (EMMA) will be the World's first non-scaling FFAG and is under construction at the STFC Daresbury Laboratory in the UK. Construction is due for completion in Summer 2010 and will be followed by commissioning with beam and a detailed experimental programme to study the functioning of this type of accelerator. This paper will give an overview of the motivation for the project and describe the EMMA design and hardware. The first results from commissioning will be presented in a separate paper.

Abstract:

A new design principle of a nonscaling fixed field alternating gradient accelerator is proposed. It is based on optics that produce approximate scaling properties. A large field index k is chosen to squeeze the orbit shift as much as possible by setting the betatron oscillation frequency in the second stability region of Hill's equation. Then, the lattice magnets and their alignment are simplified. To simplify the magnets, we expand the field profile of rk into multipoles and keep only a few lower order terms. A rectangular-shaped magnet is assumed with lines of constant field parallel to the magnet axis. The lattice employs a triplet of rectangular magnets for focusing, which are parallel to one another to simplify alignment. These simplifications along with fringe fields introduce finite chromaticity and the fixed field alternating gradient accelerator is no longer a scaling one. However, the tune excursion of the whole ring can be within half an integer and we avoid the crossing of strong resonances. © 2010 The American Physical Society.