Charge readout electronics for the DUNE horizontal drift far detector: design and performance in ProtoDUNE-HD
Journal of Instrumentation 21:08 (2026)
Authors:
S Abbaslu, F Abd Alrahman, A Abed Abud, R Acciarri, LP Accorsi, MA Acero, MR Adames, G Adamov, M Adamowski, K Adhikari, C Adriano, K Agudelo-Jaramillo, F Akbar, F Alemanno, NS Alex, L Aliaga Soplin, A Alqaisi, M Alrashed, A Alton, R Alvarez, T Alves, A Aman, H Amar, R Amarinei, P Amedo, EPM Amorim, J Anderson, DA Andrade, C Andreopoulos, M Andreotti, MP Andrews, F Andrianala, S Andringa, F Anjarazafy, S Ansarifard, D Antic, A Antonakis, A Aranda-Fernandez, T Araya-Santander, L Arellano, E Arrieta Diaz, MA Arroyave, M Artero Pons, J Asaadi, M Ascencio, A Ashkenazi, L Asquith, E Atkin, D Auguste, A Aurisano, V Aushev, D Autiero, D 脕vila G贸mez, MB Azam, F Azfar, JJ Back, Y Bae, I Bagaturia, L Bagby, H Bagdu, S Balasubramanian, A Balboni, P Baldi, W Baldini, E Baldo, J Baldonedo, B Baller, B Bambah, F Barao, D Barbu, G Barenboim, P Barham Alz谩s, GJ Barker, W Barkhouse, E Barlas Yucel, G Barr, W Barrett, D Barrow, JL Barrow, A Basharina-Freshville, A Bashyal, V Basque, M Bassani, D Basu, L Bathe-Peters, JG Batista Sigolo, JBR Battat, F Battisti, J Bautista, F Bay, JLL Bazo Alba, JF Beacom, E Bechetoille, A Beever, B Behera, E Belchior, B Bell, G Bell, L Bellantoni, G Bellettini, V Bellini, O Beltramello, C Benitez Montiel, D Benjamin, K Benslama, F Bento Neves, J Berger, S Berkman, J Bermudez, J Bernal, P Bernardini, A Bersani, E Bertholet, E Bertolini, S Bertolucci, M Betancourt, A Betancur Rodr铆guez, Y Bezawada, AT Bezerra, A Bhat, V Bhatnagar, M Bhattacharjee, S Bhattacharjee, M Bhattacharya, S Bhuller, B Bhuyan, S Biagi, J Bian, K Biery, B Bilki, A Binau, M Bishai, P Bishop, A Blake, A Blanchet, FD Blaszczyk, GC Blazey, E Blucher, A Bodek, B Bogart, J Boissevain, T Bolton, L Bomben, M Bonesini, C Bonilla-Diaz, A Booth, F Boran, C Borden, R Borges Merlo, D Borodulina, N Bostan, G Botogoske, B Bottino, R Bouet, J Boza, B Brahma, D Brailsford, F Bramati, A Branca, A Brandt, J Bremer, SJ Brice, S Brickner, V Brio, C Brizzolari, C Bromberg, J Brooke, A Bross, G Brunetti, MB Brunetti, N Buchanan, H Budd, J Buergi, A Bundock, D Burgardt, S Butchart, G Caceres V., R Calabrese, R Calabrese, J Calcutt, L Calivers, S Calvez, E Calvo, A Caminata, AF Camino, W Campanelli, A Campani, A Campos Benitez, N Canci, J Cap贸, I Caracas, D Caratelli, D Carber, G Carini, MF Carneiro, P Carniti, I Caro Terrazas, H Carranza, N Carrara, L Carroll, A Carter, J Carvalho Roberto, E Casarejos, D Casazza, JF Casta帽o Forero, FA Casta帽o, C Castromonte, E Catano-Mur, C Cattadori, F Cavalier, F Cavanna, S Centro, G Cerati, C Cerna, A Cervelli, A Cervera Villanueva, J Chakrani, M Chalifour, A Chappell, A Chatterjee, B Chauhan, C Chavez Barajas, H Chen, M Chen, WC Chen, Y Chen, Z Chen, D Cherdack, SS Chhibra, C Chi, F Chiapponi, R Chirco, N Chitirasreemadam, K Cho, S Choate, G Choi, D Chokheli, PS Chong, O Chow, B Chowdhury, D Christian, E Church, MF Cicala, M Cicerchia, V Cicero, R Ciolini, P Clarke, G Cline, AG Cocco, JAB Coelho, A Cohen, J Collazo, J Collot, H Combs, JM Conrad, L Conti, T Contreras, M Convery, K Conway, S Copello, P Cova, C Cox, L Cremonesi, JI Crespo-Anad贸n, M Crisler, E Cristaldo, J Crnkovic, G Crone, R Cross, T Cruz, A Cudd, C Cuesta, Y Cui, F Curciarello, D Cussans, O Dalager, W Dallaway, R D'Amico, H da Motta, ZA Dar, R Darby, L Da Silva Peres, Q David, GS Davies, S Davini, J Dawson, R De Aguiar, KH De Barros, P Debbins, MP Decowski, A de Gouv锚a, PC De Holanda, P De Jong, P Del Amo Sanchez, G De Lauretis, A Delbart, M Delgado, A Dell'Acqua, G Delle Monache, N Delmonte, P De Lurgio, G De Matteis, JRT de Mello Neto, APA De Mendonca, DM DeMuth, S Dennis, C Densham, P Denton, GW Deptuch, V De Romeri, JP Detje, J Devine, K Dhanmeher, R Dharmapalan, M Dias, A Diaz, JS D铆az, F D铆az, F Di Capua, A Di Domenico, S Di Domizio, S Di Falco, D Di Ferdinando, L Di Giulio, P Ding, L Di Noto, E Diociaiuti, G Di Sciascio, C Distefano, R Di Stefano, R Diurba, M Diwan, Z Djurcic, S Dolan, M Dolce, MJ Dolinski, D Domenici, S Dominguez, S Donati, S Doran, D Douglas, TA Doyle, F Drielsma, DJ Drobner, D Duchesneau, K Duffy, K Dugas, P Dunne, S Durando, B Dutta, DA Dwyer, AS Dyshkant, S Dytman, M Eads, A Earle, S Edayath, D Edmunds, J Eisch, S Elias, J Ellis, W Emark, P Englezos, A Ereditato, DT Ergonul, T Erjavec, CO Escobar, JJ Evans, E Ewart, AC Ezeribe, K Fahey, A Falcone, C Fang, M Fani', F Fanomezana, D Faragher, C Farnese, Y Farzan, J Felix, Y Feng, M Ferreira da Silva, E Fialova, L Fields, P Filip, A Filkins, F Filthaut, G Fiorillo, M Fiorini, NF Fiuza De Barros, S Fogarty, W Foreman, B Fossing, J Fowler, J Franc, K Francis, D Franco, J Franklin, J Freeman, J Fried, A Friedland, S Fuess, IK Furic, K Furman, AP Furmanski, R Gaba, A Gabrielli, AM Gago, F Galizzi, H Gallagher, M Galli, N Gallice, V Galymov, E Gamberini, T Gamble, R Gan, R Gandhi, S Ganguly, F Gao, S Gao, A Garcia, D Garcia-Gamez, M脕 Garc铆a-Peris, V Garcia Pol, S Gardiner, P Gauzzi, G Ge, N Geffroy, B Gelli, S Gent, A Ghosh, T Giammaria, D Gibin, I Gil-Botella, A Gioiosa, S Giovannella, AK Giri, V Giusti, D Gnani, O Gogota, S Gollapinni, K Gollwitzer, RA Gomes, LS Gomez Fajardo, D Gonzalez-Diaz, J Gonzalez-Santome, MC Goodman, S Goswami, C Gotti, J Goudeau, C Grace, E Gramellini, R Gran, P Granger, C Grant, DR Gratieri, G Grauso, P Green, S Greenberg, WC Griffith, A Gruber, K Grzelak, L Gu, W Gu, V Guarino, M Guarise, R Guenette, M Guerzoni, D Guffanti, A Guglielmi, FY Guo, A Gupta, V Gupta, G Gurung, D Gutierrez, P Guzowski, MM Guzzo, S Gwon, A Habig, R Hafeji, L Hagaman, A Hahn, J Hakenm眉ller, A Hambardzumyan, T Hamernik, P Hamilton, J Hancock, M Handley, F Happacher, B Harris, DA Harris, L Harris, AL Hart, J Hartnell, T Hartnett, T Hasegawa, CM Hasnip, K Hassinin, R Hatcher, S Hawkins, J Hays, M He, A Heavey, KM Heeger, A Heindel, J Heise, K Heller, P Hellmuth, L Henderson, A Hergenhan, J Hern谩ndez, MA Hernandez Morquecho, K Herner, V Hewes, A Higuera, K Hildebrandt, A Himmel, E Hinkle, LR Hirsch, J Ho, J Hoefken Zink, J Hoff, A Holin, C Hong, S Horiuchi, GA Horton-Smith, R Hosokawa, T Houdy, B Howard, I Hristova, MS Hronek, Y Hua, J Huang, RG Huang, X Huang, Z Hulcher, A Hussain, G Iles, N Ilic, AM Iliescu, R Illingworth, F Imamoglu, G Ingratta, A Ioannisian, M Ismerio Oliveira, CM Jackson, A Jacobi, V Jain, C James, E James, W Jang, B Jargowsky, D Jena, I Jentz, C Jiang, J Jiang, A Jipa, JH Jo, FR Joaquim, AM Johnson, W Johnson, C Jollet, M Joshi, N Jovancevic, M Judah, CK Jung, KY Jung, T Junk, Y Jwa, M Kabirnezhad, AC Kaboth, I Kadenko, O Kalikulov, D Kalra, M Kandemir, S Kar, C Karagianni, G Karagiorgi, G Karaman, A Karcher, Y Karyotakis, SP Kasetti, L Kashur, A Kauther, N Kazaryan, L Ke, E Kearns, PT Keener, A Kelly, KJ Kelly, R Keloth, O Kemularia, J Kerby, Y Kermaidic, W Ketchum, SH Kettell, N Khan, A Khvedelidze, D Kim, J Kim, MJ Kim, S Kim, B King, M King, M Kirby, A Kish, J Klein, J Kleykamp, T Kobilarcik, L Koch, K Koehler, LW Koerner, DH Koh, K Kong, M Kordosky, VA Kosteleck媒, I Kotler, M Kramer, F Krennrich, T Kroupova, S Kubota, M Kubu, VA Kudryavtsev, G Kufatty, A Kumar, J Kumar, M Kumar, P Kumar, S Kumaran, J Kunzmann, V Kus, T Kutter, J Kvasnicka, T Labree, M Lachat, T Lackey, I Lal膬u, A Lambert, BJ Land, CE Lane, N Lane, K Lang, M Langstaff, F Lanni, S Lanzi, J Larkin, P Lasorak, D Last, G Laurenti, E Lavaut, W Lavrijsen, H Lay, I Lazanu, R LaZur, M Lazzaroni, S Leardini, J Learned, G Lehmann Miotto, R Lehnert, M Leitner, H Lemoine, D Leon Silverio, LM Lepin, JD Lewis, J-Y Li, SW Li, Y Li, RCR Lima, R Lima, CS Lin, D Lindebaum, S Linden, A Lister, BR Littlejohn, J Liu, Y Liu, M Lkhagvadorj, S Lockwitz, I Lomidze, J Lopez, I L贸pez de Rego, N L贸pez-March, A Lopez Moreno, JM LoSecco, A Lozano Sanchez, X-G Lu, KB Luk, X Luo, G Lupi, E Luppi, AA Machado, P Machado, CT Macias, JR Macier, A Madorsky, S Magill, C Magueur, K Mahn, A Maio, N Majeed, K Majumdar, A Malige, S Mameli, M Man, RC Mandujano, J Maneira, S Manly, K Manolopoulos, M Manrique Plata, S Manthey Corchado, L Manzanillas-Velez, E Mao, M Marchan, A Marchionni, D Marfatia, C Mariani, J Maricic, R Marie, F Marinho, AD Marino, T Markiewicz, F Das Chagas Marques, M Marshak, CM Marshall, J Marshall, J Martin, M Martin, L Martina, J Mart铆n-Albo, DA Martinez Caicedo, M Martinez-Casales, F Mart铆nez L贸pez, S Martynenko, V Mascagna, A Mastbaum, M Masud, F Matichard, G Matteucci, J Matthews, C Mauger, N Mauri, K Mavrokoridis, I Mawby, T McAskill, N McConkey, B McConnell, KS McFarland, C McGivern, C McGrew, A McNab, C McNulty, J Mead, L Meazza, VCN Meddage, A Medhi, M Mehmood, B Mehta, P Mehta, F Mei, P Melas, L Mellet, TCD Melo, O Mena, DP M茅ndez, A Menegolli, G Meng, A Mengarelli, ACEA Mercuri, A Meregaglia, G Merino, MD Messier, S Metallo, W Metcalf, M Mewes, H Meyer, T Miao, J Micallef, A Miccoli, G Michna, R Milincic, F Miller, G Miller, W Miller, A Minotti, L Miralles Verge, C Mironov, S Miscetti, P Mishra, SR Mishra, D Mladenov, I Mocioiu, A Mogan, PS Mohan, R Mohanta, TA Mohayai, N Mokhov, J Molina, L Molina Bueno, E Montagna, A Montanari, C Montanari, D Montanari, D Montanino, LM Monta帽o Zetina, M Mooney, AF Moor, M Moore, Z Moore, B Moreira, D Moreno, G Moreno-Granados, O Moreno-Palacios, L Morescalchi, A Morita, E Motuk, CA Moura, W Mu, L Mualem, J Mueller, M Muether, A Muir, Y Mukhamejanov, A Mukhamejanova, E Muldoon, M Mulhearn, D Munford, LJ Munteanu, H Muramatsu, J Muraz, M Murphy, T Murphy, A Mytilinaki, J Nachtman, Y Nagai, S Nagu, H Nam, D Naples, S Narita, J Nava, D Navas-Nicol谩s, A Navrer-Agasson, N Nayak, M Nebot-Guinot, A Nehm, JK Nelson, O Neogi, J Nesbit, M Nessi, D Newbold, M Newcomer, D Newmark, L Nguyen, R Nichol, FJ Nicolas-Arnaldos, A Nielsen, A Nikolica, J Nikolov, E Niner, X Ning, K Nishimura, A Norman, A Norrick, F Noto, P Novella, A Nowak, JA Nowak, M Oberling, JP Ochoa-Ricoux, S Oh, SB Oh, A Olivier, T Olson, Y Onel, Y Onishchuk, A Oranday, GP Orebi Gann, AIR Orimogunje, M Osbiston, JE Ossa Sanchez, L O'Sullivan, L Otiniano Ormachea, L Pagani, O Palamara, S Palestini, JM Paley, M Pallavicini, C Palomares, B Pan, S Pan, M Panareo, P Panda, V Pandey, W Panduro Vazquez, E Pantic, V Paolone, A Papadopoulou, R Papaleo, D Papoulias, S Paramesvaran, J Park, J Park, Y Park, S Parke, S Parsa, M Parvu, D Pasciuto, S Pascoli, L Pasqualini, G Patel, JL Paton, C Patrick, L Patrizii, RB Patterson, T Patzak, A Paudel, L Paulucci, Z Pavlovic, G Pawloski, D Payne, A Peake, V Pec, E Pedreschi, SJM Peeters, L Pelegrina-Guti茅rrez, W Pellico, E Pennacchio, A Penzo, OLG Peres, YF Perez Gonzalez, L P茅rez-Molina, C Pernas, J Perry, D Pershey, G Pessina, G Petrillo, C Petta, R Petti, M Pfaff, V Pia, GM Piacentino, L Pickering, G Piemonti, L Pierini, F Pietropaolo, M Pimenta Sampaio, VL Pimentel, G Pinaroli, S Pincha, J Pinchault, K Pitts, P Plesniak, K Pletcher, K Plows, C Pollack, F Polleri, T Pollmann, F Pompa, X Pons, N Poonthottathil, F Poppi, J Porter, LG Porto Paix茫o, M Pozzato, R Pradhan, L Prais, T Prakash, M Prest, F Psihas, D Pugnere, D Pullia, X Qian, J Quelin-Lechevranton, JL Raaf, V Radeka, J Rademacker, F Raffaelli, A Rafique, U Rahaman, A Rahe, S Rajagopalan, M Rajaoalisoa, I Rakhno, L Rakotondravohitra, MA Ralaikoto, L Ralte, L Ralte, MA Ramirez Delgado, B Ramson, SS Randriamanampisoa, A Rappoldi, G Raselli, T Rath, P Ratoff, R Raut, R Ray, H Razafinime, RF Razakamiandra, EM Rea, JS Real, B Rebel, R Rechenmacher, M Reggiani-Guzzo, J Reichenbacher, SD Reitzner, E Renner, S Repetto, S Rescia, F Resnati, JV Restrepo Laverde, C Reynolds, S Riboldi, C Riccio, G Riccobene, JS Ricol, M Rigan, A Rikalo, A Ritchie-Yates, D Rivera, A Rivetti, A Robert, E Robles, A Roche, M Roda, D Rodas Rodr铆guez, MJO Rodrigues, J Rodriguez Rondon, S Rosauro-Alcaraz, P Rosier, D Ross, M Rossella, M Ross-Lonergan, N Roy, P Roy, C Royon, C Rubbia, D Rudik, A Ruggeri, G Ruiz Ferreira, K Rushiya, B Russell, E Sabater Andres, S Sacerdoti, N Saduyev, D Sagar, S Saha, SK Sahoo, N Sahu, S Sakhiyev, P Sala, N Sallin, G Salmoria, S Samanta, MC Sanchez, A S谩nchez-Castillo, P Sanchez-Lucas, DA Sanders, S Sanfilippo, G Santoni, D Santoro, N Saoulidou, P Sapienza, I Sarcevic, I Sarra, C Sauer, L Sauer, G Savage, V Savinov, A Scanu, A Scaramelli, T Schefke, H Schellman, S Schifano, P Schlabach, DW Schmitz, AW Schneider, K Scholberg, A Schroeder, A Schukraft, B Schuld, S Schwartz, A Segade, H Segal, E Segreto, A Selyunin, D Senadheera, CR Senise, J Sensenig, SH Seo, D Seppela, MH Shaevitz, P Shanahan, P Sharma, R Kumar, S Sharma Poudel, K Shaw, T Shaw, J Shen, C Shepherd-Themistocleous, J Shi, W Shi, S Shin, S Shivakoti, A Shmakov, I Shoemaker, D Shooltz, R Shrock, M Siden, J Silber, L Simard, J Sinclair, G Sinev, Jaydip Singh, J Singh, L Singh, P Singh, V Singh, S Singh Chauhan, R Sipos, C Sironneau, G Sirri, K Siyeon, K Skarpaas, J Smedley, J Smith, RS Smith-Jones, J Smolik, M Smy, M Snape, EL Snider, P Snopok, M Soares Nunes, H Sobel, M Soderberg, H Sogarwal, CJ Solano Salinas, S S枚ldner-Rembold, N Solomey, V Solovov, WE Sondheim, T Sonius, M Sorbara, M Sorel, J Soto-Oton, A Sousa, K Soustruznik, D Souza Correia, F Spinella, J Spitz, NJC Spooner, D Stalder, M Stancari, L Stanco, J Steenis, R Stein, HM Steiner, AF Steklain Lisb么a, J Stewart, B Stillwell, J Stock, T Stokes, T Strauss, L Strigari, A Stuart, W Su, A Surdo, L Suter, A Sutton, Y Suvorov, R Svoboda, SK Swain, C Sweeney, B Szczerbinska, AM Szelc, A Sztuc, A Taffara, N Talukdar, J Tamara, HA Tanaka, S Tang, N Taniuchi, AM Tapia Casanova, A Tapper, S Tariq, E Tatar, R Tayloe, AM Teklu, K Tellez Giron Flores, J Tena Vidal, P Tennessen, M Tenti, K Terao, F Terranova, S Teruel, G Testera, A Thea, S Thomas, A Thompson, C Thorpe, M Timalsina, SC Timm, E Tiras, V Tishchenko, S Tiwari, N Todorovi膰, L Tomassetti, A Tonazzo, L Tong, D Torbunov, D Torres Mu帽oz, M Torti, M Tortola, Y Torun, N Tosi, D Totani, M Toups, C Touramanis, V Trabattoni, D Tran, J Trevor, E Triller, S Trilov, D Trotta, WH Trzaska, Y Tsai, Y-T Tsai, Z Tsamalaidze, KV Tsang, N Tsverava, SZ Tu, S Tufanli, C Tunnell, S Turnberg, J Turner, M Tuzi, M Tzanov, MA Uchida, J Ure帽a Gonz谩lez, J Urheim, T Usher, H Utaegbulam, S Uzunyan, MR Vagins, P Vahle, GA Valdiviesso, E Valencia, R Valentim, Z Vallari, E Vallazza, JWF Valle, R Van Berg, DV Forero, P Van Gemmeren, A Vannozzi, M Van Nuland-Troost, F Varanini, N Vaughan, K Vaziri, A V谩zquez-Ramos, J Vega, J Vences, S Ventura, A Verdugo, M Verzocchi, J Vesic, K Vetter, M Vicenzi, H Vieira de Souza, C Vignoli, C Vilela, E Villa, S Viola, B Viren, GV Stenico, R Vizarreta, AP Vizcaya Hernandez, S Vlachos, G Vorobyev, Q Vuong, AV Waldron, L Walker, H Wallace, M Wallach, J Walsh, T Walton, L Wan, B Wang, J Wang, L Wang, MHLS Wang, X Wang, Y Wang, Y Wang, D Warner, L Warsame, MO Wascko, D Waters, A Watson, K Wawrowska, A Weber, CM Weber, M Weber, H Wei, A Weinstein, S Westerdale, M Wetstein, Q Weyrich, K Whalen, AJ White, LH Whitehead, D Whittington, F Wieler, J Wilhelmi, MJ Wilking, A Wilkinson, C Wilkinson, RJ Wilson, P Winter, J Wolcott, J Wolfs, T Wongjirad, A Wood, K Wood, E Worcester, M Worcester, K Wresilo, M Wright, M Wrobel, S Wu, Z Wu, J Wyenberg, BM Wynne, Y Xiao, Z Xie, D Xing, B Yaeggy, A Yahaya, N Yahlali, E Yandel, G Yang, J Yang, T Yang, A Yankelevich, L Yates, U Yevarouskaya, K Yonehara, T Young, B Yu, H Yu, J Yu, K Yu, W Yuan, R Zaki, J Zalesak, L Zambelli, B Zamorano, A Zani, L Zazueta, GP Zeller, J Zennamo, J Zettlemoyer, K Zeug, C Zhang, S Zhang, Y Zhang, L Zhao, M Zhao, K Zhu, ED Zimmerman, S Zucchelli, A Zummo, V Zutshi, R Zwaska, The DUNE collaboration
Abstract:
DUNE (Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment) is a long-baseline neutrino oscillation experiment currently under construction, whose far detectors will be the largest liquid argon time projection chambers ever built. This detector design calls for custom-built cryogenic front-end electronics to meet its performance requirements. This paper describes the charge readout electronics that will be used in the DUNE horizontal drift (HD) far detector and presents performance results using data from the ProtoDUNE-HD detector, a 770 ton liquid argon time projection chamber operated at the CERN Neutrino Platform in 2024 that served as the final prototype of the DUNE HD design.