Scott Degraw: Publications

Data-driven calibration of large liquid detectors with unsupervised learning

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A Accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment Elsevier 1091 (2026) 171722

Authors:

Scott DeGraw, Steve Biller, Armin Reichold

Abstract:

This paper demonstrates a novel method to extract photomultiplier tube (PMT) calibration timing constants in large liquid scintillation detectors from physics data using the machinery of unsupervised deep learning. The approach uses a simplified physical model of optical photon transport in the loss function, with PMT calibration constants treated as free parameters, and the simple assumption that individual events represent point-like emission. The problem is, thus, effectively reduced to that of regression on a very large scale, made tractable by deep learning architectures and automatic differentiation frameworks. Using data from the 9300 PMTs in the SNO+ detector, the method has been shown to reliably extract 3 calibration constants for each of the over 7500 online PMTs using radioactive background events. We believe that this basic approach can be straightforwardly generalized for a wide range of applications.

Data-Driven Calibration of Large Liquid Detectors with Unsupervised Learning

(2025)

Authors:

Scott DeGraw, Steve Biller, Armin Reichold

Measurement of reactor antineutrino oscillations with 1.46 ktonne-years of data at SNO+

(2025)

Authors:

M Abreu, A Allega, MR Anderson, S Andringa, DM Asner, DJ Auty, A Bacon, T Baltazar, F BarÃ£o, N Barros, R Bayes, EW Beier, A Bialek, SD Biller, E Caden, M Chen, S Cheng, B Cleveland, D Cookman, J Corning, S DeGraw, R Dehghani, J Deloye, MM Depatie, C Dima, J Dittmer, KH Dixon, MS Esmaeilian, E Falk, N Fatemighomi, R Ford, S Gadamsetty, A Gaur, D Gooding, C Grant, J Grove, S Hall, AL Hallin, D Hallman, MR Hebert, WJ Heintzelman, RL Helmer, C Hewitt, B Hreljac, P Huang, R Hunt-Stokes, AS InÃ¡cio, CJ Jillings, S Kaluzienski, T Kaptanoglu, J Kladnik, JR Klein, LL Kormos, B Krar, C Kraus, T KroupovÃ¡, C Lake, L Lebanowski, C Lefebvre, V Lozza, M Luo, S Maguire, A Maio, S Manecki, J Maneira, RD Martin, N McCauley, AB McDonald, C Mills, G Milton, D Morris, I Morton-Blake, M Mubasher, S Naugle, LJ Nolan, HM O'Keeffe, GD OrebiGann, S Ouyang, J Page, S Pal, K Paleshi, W Parker, LJ Pickard, RC Pitelka, B Quenallata, P Ravi, A Reichold, S Riccetto, J Rose, R Rosero, J Shen, J Simms, P Skensved, M Smiley, R Tafirout, B Tam, J Tseng, E VÃ¡zquez-JÃ¡uregui, CJ Virtue, F Wang, M Ward, JD Wilson, JR Wilson, A Wright, S Yang, Z Ye, M Yeh, S Yu, Y Zhang, K Zuber, A Zummo

First Evidence of Solar Neutrino Interactions on $^{13}$C

ArXiv 2508.20844 (2025)

Authors:

SNO Collaboration, M Abreu, A Allega, MR Anderson, S Andringa, DM Asner, DJ Auty, A Bacon, T Baltazar, F Barão, N Barros, R Bayes, EW Beier, A Bialek, SD Biller, E Caden, M Chen, S Cheng, B Cleveland, D Cookman, J Corning, S DeGraw, R Dehghani, J Deloye, MM Depatie, F Di Lodovico, C Dima, J Dittmer, KH Dixon, MS Esmaeilian, E Falk, N Fatemighomi, R Ford, A Gaur, OI González-Reina, D Gooding, C Grant, J Grove, S Hall, AL Hallin, D Hallman, MR Hebert, WJ Heintzelman, RL Helmer, C Hewitt, B Hreljac, P Huang, R Hunt-Stokes, AS Inácio, CJ Jillings, S Kaluzienski, T Kaptanoglu, J Kladnik, JR Klein, LL Kormos, B Krar, C Kraus, CB Krauss, T Kroupová, C Lake, L Lebanowski, C Lefebvre, V Lozza, M Luo, S Maguire, A Maio, S Manecki, J Maneira, RD Martin, N McCauley, AB McDonald, G Milton, D Morris, M Mubasher, S Naugle, LJ Nolan, HM O'Keeffe, GD Orebi Gann, S Ouyang, J Page, S Pal, K Paleshi, W Parker, LJ Pickard, B Quenallata, P Ravi, A Reichold, S Riccetto, J Rose, R Rosero, J Shen, J Simms, P Skensved, M Smiley, R Tafirout, B Tam, J Tseng, E Vázquez-Jáuregui, JGC Veinot, CJ Virtue, F Wang, M Ward, JJ Weigand, JD Wilson, JR Wilson, A Wright, S Yang, Z Ye, M Yeh, S Yu, Y Zhang, K Zuber, A Zummo

Measurement of reactor antineutrino oscillation at SNO+

(2025)

Authors:

SNO Collaboration, :, M Abreu, V Albanese, A Allega, R Alves, MR Anderson, S Andringa, L Anselmo, J Antunes, E Arushanova, S Asahi, M Askins, DM Asner, DJ Auty, AR Back, S Back, A Bacon, T Baltazar, F Barão, Z Barnard, A Barr, N Barros, D Bartlett, R Bayes, C Beaudoin, EW Beier, G Berardi, TS Bezerra, A Bialek, SD Biller, E Blucher, A Boeltzig, R Bonventre, M Boulay, D Braid, E Caden, EJ Callaghan, J Caravaca, J Carvalho, L Cavalli, D Chauhan, M Chen, S Cheng, O Chkvorets, KJ Clark, B Cleveland, C Connors, D Cookman, J Corning, IT Coulter, MA Cox, D Cressy, X Dai, C Darrach, S DeGraw, R Dehghani, J Deloye, MM Depatie, F Descamps, C Dima, J Dittmer, KH Dixon, F Di Lodovico, A Doxtator, N Duhaime, F Duncan, J Dunger, AD Earle, MS Esmaeilian, D Fabris, E Falk, A Farrugia, N Fatemighomi, C Felber, V Fischer, E Fletcher, R Ford, K Frankiewicz, N Gagnon, A Gaur, J Gauthier, A Gibson-Foster, K Gilje, OI González-Reina, D Gooding, P Gorel, K Graham, C Grant, J Grove, S Grullon, E Guillian, RL Hahn, S Hall, AL Hallin, D Hallman, S Hans, J Hartnell, P Harvey, C Hearns, MR Hebert, M Hedayatipour, WJ Heintzelman, J Heise, RL Helmer, C Hewitt, B Hodak, M Hodak, M Hood, D Horne, M Howe, B Hreljac, J Hu, P Huang, R Hunt-Stokes, T Iida, AS Inácio, CM Jackson, NA Jelley, CJ Jillings, C Jones, PG Jones, S Kaluzienski, K Kamdin, T Kaptanoglu, J Kaspar, K Keeter, C Kefelian, P Khaghani, L Kippenbrock, J Kladnik, JR Klein, R Knapik, J Kofron, LL Kormos, S Korte, B Krar, C Kraus, CB Krauss, T Kroupová, K Labe, F Lafleur, C Lake, I Lam, C Lan, BJ Land, R Lane, S Langrock, P Larochelle, S Larose, A LaTorre, I Lawson, L Lebanowski, J Lee, C Lefebvre, GM Lefeuvre, EJ Leming, A Li, O Li, J Lidgard, B Liggins, P Liimatainen, YH Lin, X Liu, Y Liu, V Lozza, M Luo, S Maguire, A Maio, K Majumdar, S Manecki, J Maneira, RD Martin, E Marzec, A Mastbaum, A Mathewson, N McCauley, AB McDonald, K McFarlane, P Mekarski, M Meyer, C Miller, C Mills, G Milton, M Mlejnek, E Mony, B Morissette, D Morris, I Morton-Blake, MJ Mottram, M Mubasher, S Nae, S Naugle, M Newcomer, M Nirkko, LJ Nolan, VM Novikov, HM O'Keeffe, E O'Sullivan, GD Orebi Gann, S Ouyang, J Page, S Pal, K Paleshi, W Parker, MJ Parnell, J Paton, SJM Peeters, T Pershing, Z Petriw, J Petzoldt, LJ Pickard, D Pracsovics, G Prior, JC Prouty, B Quenallata, S Quirk, P Ravi, S Read, A Reichold, M Reinhard, S Riccetto, M Rigan, I Ritchie, A Robertson, BC Robertson, J Rose, R Rosero, PM Rost, J Rumleskie, A Sörensen, P Schrock, MA Schumaker, MH Schwendener, D Scislowski, J Secrest, M Seddighin, L Segui, S Seibert, I Semenec, F Shaker, T Shantz, MK Sharma, J Shen, TM Shokair, L Sibley, J Simms, JR Sinclair, K Singh, P Skensved, M Smiley, T Sonley, M St-Amant, R Stainforth, S Stankiewicz, M Strait, MI Stringer, A Stripay, R Svoboda, S Tacchino, R Tafirout, B Tam, C Tanguay, J Tatar, L Tian, N Tolich, J Tseng, HWC Tseung, E Turner, E Vázquez-Jáuregui, S Valder, R Van Berg, JGC Veinot, CJ Virtue, B von Krosigk, JMG Walker, M Walker, J Wallig, SC Walton, F Wang, J Wang, M Ward, J Waterfield, JJ Weigand, RF White, JF Wilkerson, JR Wilson, JD Wilson, TJ Winchester, P Woosaree, A Wright, S Yang, K Yazigi, Z Ye, M Yeh, S Yu, T Zhang, Y Zhang, T Zhao, K Zuber, A Zummo

51��

Scott Degraw

Research theme

Sub department

Data-driven calibration of large liquid detectors with unsupervised learning

Authors:

Abstract:

Data-Driven Calibration of Large Liquid Detectors with Unsupervised Learning

Authors:

Measurement of reactor antineutrino oscillations with 1.46 ktonne-years of data at SNO+

Authors:

First Evidence of Solar Neutrino Interactions on $^{13}$C

Authors:

Measurement of reactor antineutrino oscillation at SNO+

Authors:

FIND US

CONTACT US

51�������

Scott Degraw

Research theme

Sub department

Research groups

Data-driven calibration of large liquid detectors with unsupervised learning

Authors:

Abstract:

Data-Driven Calibration of Large Liquid Detectors with Unsupervised Learning

Authors:

Measurement of reactor antineutrino oscillations with 1.46 ktonne-years of data at SNO+

Authors:

First Evidence of Solar Neutrino Interactions on $^{13}$C

Authors:

Measurement of reactor antineutrino oscillation at SNO+

Authors:

51��