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Abstract:

In LiNiO2, the Ni3+ ions, with S=1/2 and twofold orbital degeneracy, are arranged on a triangular lattice. Using muon-spin relaxation and electron-spin resonance (ESR), we show that magnesium doping does not stabilize any magnetic or orbital order despite the absence of interplane Ni2+. A disordered, slowly fluctuating state develops below 12 K. In addition, we find that magnons are excited on the time scale of the ESR experiment. At the same time, a g factor anisotropy is observed, in agreement with | 3 z2 - r2 orbital occupancy. © 2008 The American Physical Society.

Abstract:

Muon spin rotation experiments were performed on the pnictide high temperature superconductor SmFeAsO1-xFx with x=0.18 and 0.3. We observed an unusual enhancement of slow spin fluctuations in the vicinity of the superconducting transition which suggests that the spin fluctuations contribute to the formation of an unconventional superconducting state. An estimate of the in-plane penetration depth lambda ab(0)=190(5) nm was obtained, which confirms that the pnictide superconductors obey an Uemura-style relationship between Tc and lambda ab(0);(-2).

Abstract:

Although the isotope effect in superconducting materials is well documented, changes in the magnetic properties of antiferromagnets due to isotopic substitution are seldom discussed and remain poorly understood. This is perhaps surprising given the possible link between the quasi-two-dimensional (Q2D) antiferromagnetic and superconducting phases of the layered cuprates. Here we report the experimental observation of shifts in the Néel temperature and critical magnetic fields (Δ TN / TN ≈4%; Δ Bc / Bc ≈4%) in a Q2D organic molecular antiferromagnet on substitution of hydrogen for deuterium. These compounds are characterized by strong hydrogen bonds through which the dominant superexchange is mediated. We evaluate how the in-plane and interplane exchange energies evolve as the atoms of hydrogen on different ligands are substituted, and suggest a possible mechanism for this effect in terms of the relative exchange efficiency of hydrogen and deuterium bonds. © 2008 The American Physical Society.

Abstract:

Though long-range magnetic order cannot occur at temperatures T > 0 in a perfect two-dimensional (2D) Heisenberg magnet, real quasi-2D materials will invariably possess nonzero inter-plane coupling J⊥ driving the system to order at elevated temperatures. This process can be studied using quantum Monte Carlo calculations. However, it is difficult to test the results of these calculations experimentally since for highly anisotropic materials in which the in-plane coupling is comparable with attainable magnetic fields J ⊥ is necessarily very small and inaccessible directly. In addition, because of the large anisotropy, the Néel temperatures are low and difficult to determine from thermodynamic measurements. Here, we present an elegant method of assessing the calculations via two independent experimental probes: pulsed-field magnetization in fields of up to 85 T, and muon-spin rotation. We successfully demonstrate the application of this method for nine metalorganic Cu-based quasi-2D magnets with pyrazine (pyz) bridges. Our results suggest the superexchange efficiency of the [Cu(HF2) (pyz) 2]X family of compounds (where X can be ClO4, BF 4, PF6, SbF6 and AsF6) might be controlled by the tilting of the pyz molecule with respect to the 2D planes. © IOP Publishing Ltd and Deutsche Physikalische Gesellschaft.