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Abstract:

The normalised decay rate of B+ → J/ψ(→ μ+μ−)K+ is measured as a function of the lepton helicity angle using a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.1 fb−1 collected during October 2024 with the upgraded (Upgrade I) LHCb detector. This angular distribution can be parameterised by two coefficients, the forward-backward asymmetry, AFB, and the flatness parameter, FH, whose values are constrained by conservation of angular momentum. These coefficients are measured both integrated and differentially across various kinematic and detector-response variables, and the results are found to be in good agreement with expectations. These measurements show that the detector response of the LHCb Upgrade I experiment is understood to the precision required to reliably extract the angular coefficients associated with rare b → sμ+μ− and b → dμ+μ− transitions, which are particularly sensitive to physics beyond the Standard Model.

Abstract:

The data acquisition system of the upgraded LHCb experiment includes the fast reconstruction of all hits in the vertex locator (VELO) pixel detector at the beam-crossing rate of 40 MHz, implemented as on-the-fly clustering embedded in the firmware of the readout board FPGAs. The availability of a high rate of reconstructed clusters in real time enables a new fast approach for measuring luminosity and monitoring the LHCb luminous region, directly at the detector readout level. This methodology has been implemented as an array of real-time cluster counters in the VELO readout FPGAs and has been in operation since the start of the 2024 physics run of LHCb. This paper describes the methodology and its features and performance, both on proton-proton and lead-lead collision data. The method shows a statistical resolution better than the percent level, and a sensitivity to variable running conditions of the same level. This is achieved with an intrinsic time granularity better than 100 ms, undersampled to 3 s for analysis purposes. Nonlinear behaviour is compatible with zero in a luminosity range including the LHCb Run 3 operating point.

Abstract:

A measurement of the branching fraction for the decay Λ→pμ−ν¯μ is presented using pp collision data collected by the LHCb experiment at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV. The analysis is based on data recorded between 2016 and 2018, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 5.4 fb−1. The result is obtained using Λ → pμ− decays as a normalisation channel. The measured branching fraction is BΛ→pμ−ν¯μ=1.462±0.016±0.100±0.011×10−4, where the uncertainties are statistical, systematic, and due to the limited knowledge of the normalisation mode branching fraction, respectively. This result improves the precision of the branching fraction measurement by a factor of two compared to the previous best measurement and sets a more stringent bound on lepton flavour universality in s → u quark transitions. It is consistent with previous measurements, and the extracted lepton flavour universality test observable, Rμe=ΓΛ→pμ−ν¯μΓΛ→pe−ν¯e=0.175±0.012, agrees with the Standard Model prediction.

Abstract:

Charged-hadron distributions in heavy-flavor jets are measured in proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of s=13 TeV collected by the LHCb experiment. Distributions of the longitudinal momentum fraction, transverse momentum, and radial profile of charged hadrons are measured separately in beauty and charm jets. The distributions are compared to those previously measured by the LHCb collaboration in jets produced back-to-back with a Z boson, which in the forward region are primarily light-quark-initiated, to compare the hadronization mechanisms of heavy and light quarks. The observed differences between the heavy- and light-jet distributions are consistent with the heavy-quark dynamics expected to arise from the dead-cone effect, as well as with a hard fragmentation of the heavy-flavor hadron as previously measured in single-hadron fragmentation functions. This measurement provides additional constraints for the extraction of collinear and transverse-momentum-dependent heavy-flavor fragmentation functions and offers another approach to probing the mechanisms that govern heavy-flavor hadronization.

Abstract:

The first four-dimensional amplitude analysis of the $B^{+}→\mathrm{ψ}(2S)K_{\mathrm{S}}^0{\mathrm{π}}^{+}$ decay is performed with proton-proton collision data collected by the LHCb experiment at $\sqrt{s}=13\mathrm{TeV}$ , corresponding to an integrated luminosity of $5.4\mathrm{f}{\mathrm{b}}^{−1}$ . The data cannot be fully explained by $B^{+}→\mathrm{ψ}(2S)K^{*+}$ contributions alone. A significantly better description of the data is obtained by adding a $T_{c\stackrel{¯}{c}}^{+}$ contribution decaying to $\mathrm{ψ}(2S){\mathrm{π}}^{+}$ . The properties of the $T_{c\stackrel{¯}{c}}^{+}$ structure are consistent with the exotic state $T_{c\stackrel{¯}{c}1}(4430{)}^{+}$ reported in the isospin-related ${\stackrel{¯}{B}}^0→\mathrm{ψ}(2S)K^{−}{\mathrm{π}}^{+}$ decay. Effects of a possible $T_{c\stackrel{¯}{c}1}(4430{)}^{+}→{\stackrel{¯}{D}}_1^{*}(2600{)}^0{D}^{+}$ decay mode on the $T_{c\stackrel{¯}{c}1}(4430{)}^{+}→\mathrm{ψ}(2S){\mathrm{π}}^{+}$ mass distribution are investigated through a Flatté parametrization, providing constraints on the relative decay strength. A description of the $T_{c\stackrel{¯}{c}1}(4430{)}^{+}$ structure using the triangle singularity mechanism is studied and also found to be consistent with the data.